Llewellyn II the Great of Wales ^{1 2}

   Another name for Llewellyn was Llywelyn Fawr "the Great" ap Iowerth.

  General Notes:

From Stewart Baldwin:

"Llywelyn ap Iorwerth, prince of North Wales, d. 1240 [AC.b 1240: "Obiit magnus Achilles secundus, dominus scilicet Lewelinus filius Gervaisi filii Owini Guynet, tunc princeps Walliae, ..."]. [ByT; MG.1; JC.28-29]"

S.B.'s sources:
"AC = Annales Cambriae
AC.a = "A" MS. of AC (Harleian MS. 3859, fo. 190r-193r)
AC.b = "B" MS. of AC (BL MS. Cotton Domitian A.1)
AC.c = "C" MS. of AC (PRO MS. E. 164/1)
For a discussion of the compilation of these annals, see Kathleen Hughes, Celtic Britain in the Early Middle Ages (Boydell Press, Woodbridge, Suffolk, 1980), pp. 67-100. The main body of these annals is contemporary from the year 796 on. The chronology of AC has not yet been adequately studied, and dates from AC could easily be off by a few years. MS. "A" was edited by E. Phillimore in "The Annales Cambriae and Old Welsh Genealogies from Harleian MS. 3859", in Y Cymmrodor 11 (1890/1) 133-75. All three manuscripts were edited by John William (ab Ithel) in Annales Cambriae (London, 1860, Rolls Series), but this edition is considered innacurate. (Adequate published editions of the B and C manuscripts apparently still do not exist.)

ByT = Brut y Tywysogion, a set of annals which are Welsh translations of Latin annals closely related to the AC manuscripts. My citations come from the Red Book of Hergest version of ByT (the only version to which I have access), edited by Thomas Jones (Univ. of Wales Press, Cardiff, 1955).

MG = Mostyn MS. 117 (last quarter of 13th century), in EWGT, pp. 38-39.

JC = Jesus College (Oxford) MS. 20, in EWGT, pp. 41-50. The manuscript itself is from the fourteenth century, but since the latest individuals mentioned in the manuscript are Llywelyn ap Iorwerth and some of his contemporaries, its source appears to date from the early thirteenth century (or perhaps a bit earlier - see the sources cited in EWGT, p. 41)."

  Noted events in his life were:

• Acceded: Prince of Wales, 1194.

Llewellyn married.

Llewellyn had a child with Tangwystyl Goch.

Llewellyn next married Joan (Joanna) Lackland of Wales, daughter of John I Lackland of England and Clementina, in 1205. (Joan (Joanna) Lackland of Wales was born circa 1188 in Wales and died on 2 Feb 1237 in Wales.)

  Marriage Notes:

His marriage to Joan has an unusual history. Following the birth of a legitimate heir, Dafydd ap Llywelyn, and a daughter, Elen (who was married off to the Norman Earl of Chester), Joan committed adultery with William de Braose or Breos, a Norman noble of south Wales who had allied himself with Llywelyn by the marriage of his daughter, Isabella, to Llywelyn's son, Dafydd. On learning of the affair in 1230, Llywelyn executed de Braose and Joan was imprisoned. Some time later, she was forgiven and restored to her position as princess, dying in 1237. ³